A run-off area is the space beyond the edge of a Formula 1 circuit designed to give a driver somewhere to go if they leave the track.
Rather than immediately hitting a barrier, a car can travel through the run-off area while the driver attempts to slow down or regain control.
Why do F1 circuits have run-off areas?
Formula 1 cars can reach extremely high speeds, so providing enough space between the track and the barriers can significantly improve safety.
Run-off areas are particularly important around fast corners and at the end of long straights, where a car may leave the circuit at high speed.
The size and design of a run-off area depends on factors including the speed of the corner, the direction a car is likely to travel in an accident and the amount of space available.
What are run-off areas made of?
Different circuits use different types of run-off.
Asphalt run-off looks similar to the racing surface and allows drivers to brake relatively effectively after leaving the track.
Gravel traps use loose gravel to help slow a car, although there is also a greater chance of the car becoming stuck.
Some circuits use a combination of asphalt, gravel, grass and other safety features before the barriers.
Run-off areas can also play a role in track limits. Drivers cannot simply use the extra space outside the circuit to gain an advantage, even if it is covered in asphalt.
Example: The driver ran wide into the run-off area.
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